Liquid fuel stove



Feb. 20, 1934. F, E, KIP 1,948,221

LIQUID FUEL STOVE Filed 001;. 24, 1929 2 SheetsSheet 1 F LL E.

NVENTOR %Y 1 ATTORNEYS Feb. 20, 1934. F. E. KIP 1,948,221

LIQUID FUEL STOVE Filed Oct. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 1,948,221 LIQUIDFUEL STOVE Frederic E. Kip, Montclair,.N. J.

Application October 24; 1929. Serial No; 402,058

8 Claims.

The present invention relates to an oil burning stove and is acontinuation in part of a copending application Serial No. 319,252 filedby me November 14. 1928.

l The invention will be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings in which Fig. 1

is a front elevation; Fig. 2 a vertical section on the plane of the line2--2 of Fig. 1, on a larger scale; and Fig. 3 is a front view of thestove with the fuel tank and associated parts.

' The stove,'forming the subject matter of the present application hasbeen installed by me in a motor yacht and has been found of greatpractical utility and safety. The drawings illustrate more or lessdiagrammatically the general layout and arrangement of the pipingsystem. For the purpose of the present specification I will describe theinvention as'it has been installed, but it is to be understood that itis capable of use under conditions other than that prevailing on ayacht.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the frame or casingof the stove, and 2 the oven. A door 3 for the oven is hinged at 20 thebottom to swing into vertical or substantially horizontal position.Three burner units are shown-one below the oven; one within the upperpart of the oven and the third above the oven. Each unit may have one ormore individual burners and each is preferably provided with a pluralityof jet openings such as are commonly employed in cooking stoves.

As the lowermost and uppermost units are similiar, the parts thereofwill be designated by the same reference numerals. Each comprises amanifold 4 upon which the burners are supported and to which they arepipe connected. I have shown two burners 5 and 6 although the inventionis not limited to any particular numher which may be mounted upon themanifold. The manifold serves as a receiving chamber for the vaporizedfuel from a generator I.

The burners 5, will for convenience of description be referred to as thevaporizer burners, and

the burners 6 as the service burners, although it will be understoodthat the burners 5 may be used for heating and cooking as well as forthe purpose of vaporizing the oil fed to the generator.

The. generator extends longitudinally above and in proximity to thevaporizing burner 5. It is supplied with liquid fuel through a pipe 8controlled by a needle valve 9. The heat from the said burner issuflicient to vaporize the oil admitted to the generator, the vaporizedfuel flowing to the manifold 4 from which it passes to the severalburners of the unit.

For the purpose of increasing the flow of fuel from themanifold to theburners I provide a pipe 10, connected with a suitable source of air 6Qunder pressure, and controlled by a main valve 11. From pipe 10 branches12 are lead to the manifolds. These branches terminate in the lower partof the manifold in line with each burner and each is controlled by amanually 5 operable valve 13.

The burner 14 in the upper part of the oven is inverted and receives itssupply of vapor from the uppermost manifold 4 through a connection 15leading to a manifold 4. The air supply for .burner 14 is through abranch 12' controlled by a manually operable valve 13'. A valve 15"controls the connection 15 leading to the oven burner 14.

The starting device comprises an open-ended tube 17 controlled by aneedle valve 18. Oil is delivered to tube 17 through a branch pipe 8.When valve 18 is opened, a small quantity, of 'oil will be delivered toa priming cup 19. Upon igniting such oil the tube 1'7 will be heated,thereby vaporizing the oil in the tube.

The issuing vapor being ignited will heat the generator 7 to vaporizethe oil therein. After the burner 5 has been started, valve 18 is closedand thereafter the heat from the burner 5 will effect the vaporizationof the oil in the generator. If the service burner 6 or others like itas well as the oven burner 14, are to be used, the vaporized fuel fromthe manifold will be admitted through their individual valves 20 and 15'respectively.

The bottom of the stove is made up offtwo sheets of metal 21 with alayer22 of asbestos between them. This bottom is removable, beingsupported by a ledge 23 arranged about the oven.

The oven is also provided with a tray24 adapted to be supported upon twoof the ribs 25 arranged upon the side walls of the oven. A grill 26having legs 26' is also adaptedto be supported upon a pair of the ribs25. H

The internal arrangement of the ovenwith the described arrangement ofthe burners is advantageous for many purposes and permits the use of thestove for all culinary purposes. By removing the base 21 the lowermostburner may be used for boiling, making with the topmost burners twoboiling units in a stove not over 24 inches wide. When it is desired tobroil, the burner 14' is utilized. The meat to be broiled is placed onthe grill 26 so as to receive the heat from the downwardly directedflame from the burner. The grill may be placed as near or far away fromthe burner as may be desired. The meat juices escaping during thebroiling are received in the pan 24 and may be subsequently utilized.

To avoid any possibility of danger resulting from the lowermost burnerbecoming extinguished, I provide a mirror 27 pivoted near the base ofthe stove frame and so positioned as to give a clear view of the lowerburner. Should the flame become extinguished the condition may bereadily observed by means of the mirror and the precaution taken ofeither re-igniting the fuel or closing the supply valve. 7

From the foregoing it will be seen that myinvention contemplates a stoveadapted to utilize liquid fuel, such as gasoline, under the mostfavorable conditions. are self-contained, that is, each has itsindividual generator for vaporizing the fuel, and

separate valve controlled pipes for admitting air under pressure at willto theseveral burners.

An important feature of the invention resides in the fact that anextremely hot and clean flame may be produced at the service burners.This is made possible because of the fact that the quantity of vaporizedfuel and air may be accurately regulated by properly adjusting thevalves in the air and fuel pipes to effect the proper mixture to givecomplete combustion of the fuel without soot. When an extra hot flame isdesired the control valves are so adjusted that the mixed air and fuelwill issue from the jet openings with great force giving the resultingflame What may be termed a blow-torch effeet, in which case it will risewith great force high above the burner and be blue and clean. Because ofthe fact that the air which is supplied to the manifold comes from astorage tank its flow is even and under considerable pressure and theresult is a steady flame regardless of its height.

The fuel for the stove is stored in the main tank A located remote fromthe galley. From this tank it is fed, as may be required, to auxiliarytanks B and C of relatively small size. When the system is installed ina boat or yacht the tanks 13 and C may be located in the galley and bymaking them of a limited capacity in practice, one gallon only, dangeris practically eliminated. A'pipe 30, having a valve 31 and branches 32and 33 connect the main storage Pumps indicated at 34 and 35 areinterposed in the branches 32 and 33. These may be of any approved typebut I prefer an automatic electric pump of known construction because ofits many advantages in situations requiring a fuel and air tight supplysystem. These pumps are controlled by current from a source 36 arrangedin circuit 37 having switches 38 and 39.

Each of the tanks B and C is provided with a pressure gauge'40, and ahand pump 41 for pumping air into the tank to create a pressure upon thesurface of the fuel to maintain a cer- The several burner unitstheswitch 38. When sufficient fuel has been fed to the tank, as indicatedby gauge 43, switch 38 is opened and valve 44 closed. The hand pump isthen operated to introduce sufficient air pressure upon the surface ofthe fuel to feed the latter to the burners.

The mode of filling tank 0 will be readily understood from the abovedescription, and need not be completed, the parts being correspondinglynumbered. Of course, if desired both tanks Band C may be filled at thesame time.

I It will be noted, that in the described system' the inflammable fuelis confined and 'moved within strong metal pipes with no possibility ofthe escape of vapor. Safety is secured to such extent that either one ofthe tanks may be filled while the burners of the other tanks areignited.

The burners each of which has a plurality of jet openings are of knownconstruction, except for the addition hereafter described. The supply offuel to the generators '7 of the burners is through branches 8 and 8,these branches being controlled by valves 18.

To secure complete combustion of the fuel I provide means for admittingair under pressure directly to the burner manifold. For this pur posethe system includes a tank 49 and pump 50 for supplying air underpressure to the tank.

The pump is operated by an electric motor 51 connected to the pump bybelt 52. In the motor circuit is a switch 53 adapted to be opened andclosed by a pressure regulator 54. When the pressure reaches the desiredmaximum the switch will be opened to stop the pump. When the pressurefalls to a predetermined minimum the switch will be closed to start andmaintain the pump in operation until the maximum is reached. A gauge 55indicates the pressure in the tank. In practice the pressure may varyfrom approximately 40 lbs. per square inch as a minimum to a maximum of80 lbs.

A pipe 56 having a branch 57 leads from tank 49 to the upper burners,and a branch 53 to the lower burners. The amount of air admitted iscontrolled by suitable valves 13 13 which may be manually adjusted untilthe character of flame indicates proper proportions of fuel and air.

What I claim is: r

1. Means especially constructed and adapted for use in a domesticcooking stove for generating and burning vaporized fuel, comprising asource of liquid fuel, a vaporizer including a burner connected to saidsource and valve controlled means for regulating thefuel fed to thevaporizer, a manifold pipe-connected with the vaporizer, one or moreservice burners supported upon and pipe-connected to the manifold, andeach having a plurality of jet openings, a storage supply of air underpressure pipe-connected with the manifold and having branches, oneterminating below and in line with each of the pipes leading from themanifold to the burners, and separate manually controlled valves at eachof the service burners for regulating at will the quantity of pressureair and fuel to be mixed and fed thereto, whereby a substantiallysootless blue flame of variable pressure may be provided at the saidburner.

2. Means especially constructed and adapted for use in a cooking stovefor generating and burning vaporized fuel having in combination, one ormore service burners of the conventional cooking stove type, eachprovided with a plurality of jet openings, a vaporizer including aburner and valve means for supplying liquid fuel thereto, a starter forthe vaporizer, a manifold constituting a mixing chamber to which thevaporized fuel is delivered, said burners being pipe connected with saidmanifold, a storage source of air under pressure, a pipe connection fromsaid source to said burners to supply pressure air to the vaporized fueldirectly as the latter is admitted to the burners, and separate manuallycontrolled valves operable at will for independently regulating theamount of the air and fuel fed to the service burners, whereby asubstantially sootless blue flame of variable pressure may be producedat said burners.

3. In combination with a cooking stove having a conventional cooking topand one or more operatively associated service burners each providedwith a plurality of jet openings, a vaporizing burner having a generatoroperatively connected therewith, and means for supplying liquid fuelthereto having a control valve, a manifold constituting a mixing chamberconnected to said generator and to which the vaporized fuel isdelivered, said burners being supported upon and pipe-connected withsaid manifold, a storage tank for air under pressure, pipe connectionsleading from said tank to said manifold and connected thereto below andin line with the pipe connections between the manifold and the burners,and separate manually operable valves for regulating at will thequantity of pressure air and fuel delivered to each service burner.

4. In combination with a cooking stove having a conventional cooking topand a plurality of operatively associated service burners each providedwith a plurality of jet openings, a vapor generator including anassociated burner and manually operable valve means for supplying liquidfuel to the generator, a manifold constituting a mixing chamber to whichthe vaporized fuel is delivered, said burners being pipe connected withsaid manifold, a storage source of air under pressure, a pipe connectionfrom said source having branches leading to said manifold to supply airto the vaporized fuel directly before its admission to the burners, and

separate manually controlled valves at each of the service burners forregulating at will the quantity of pressure air and fuel fed thereto,whereby a substantially sootless blue flame of variable intensity may beproduced at the several service burners.

5. In combination with a cooking stove having a conventional cooking topand a plurality of operatively associated burners therebelow eachprovided with a plurality of jet openings, a vapor generator and astarter associated with one of the burners and manually operablevalvecontrolled means for supplying liquid fuel to said generator andstarter, a manifold constituting a mixing chamber to which the vaporizedfuel is delivered, said burners being supported upon and pipe connectedwith said manifold, a

storage tank for air under pressure, a pipe connection from said tankhaving branches leading to said manifold and each branch terminatingbelow and in line with a pipe connection leading to its associatedburner, and separate manually operable valves for regulating at will thequantity of pressure air delivered to each burner.

6. In combination with a cooking stove having a conventional cooking topand a plurality of operatively associated service burners each providedwith a plurality of jet openings, a vapor generator associated with oneof the burners and valve-controlled means for supplying liquid fuelthereto, said vaporizer being located above and in proximity to one ofsaid burners, a manifold constituting a mixing chamber to which thevaporized fuel is delivered, said burners being supported upon andpipe-connected with said manifold, a storage tank for air underpressure, a pipe connection from said tank to said manifold havingbranches to supply regulated quantities of compressed air to thevaporized fuel before its admission to the burners, and separatemanually operable valves in each branch pipe for regulating at will thequantity of pressure air supplied to each burner, whereby asubstantially sootless blue flame of variable intensity may be producedat the burners.

7. A domestic cooking stove adapted to burn vaporized fuel, having incombination a conventional top and a plurality of operatively associatedburners each provided with a plurality of jet openings, a vaporgenerator associated with one of the burners and manually operable valvemeans for supplying liquid fuel thereto, a manifold constituting amixing chamber to which the vaporized fuel is delivered, said burnersbeing pipe-connected with said manifold, a storage tank for air underpressure, a pipe-connection from said tank having branches leading tosaid manifold and each branch discharging into its associated burner,and separate manually operable valves in each branch for regulating atwill the quantity of pressure air delivered to each burner, whereby asubstantially sootless blue flame of variable intensity may be producedat the burners.

8. A domestic cooking stove adapted and constructed to generate and burnvaporized fuel, having in combination a conventional cooking top and anoven, a plurality of operatively associated service burners eachprovided with a plurality of jet openings and one of which burners isinverted and located in the oven of the stove with its jet openingsdirected downwardly, a vapor generator associated with a burner andmanually operable valve means for supplying liquid fuel thereto, amanifold constituting I a mixing chamber to which vaporized fuel isdelivered, said burners being supported upon and pipe-connected withsaid manifold, a pipeconnection from the manifold to the oven burner, astorage tank for air under pressure, a pipeconnection from said tankhaving branches one leading to each of the burners and each branchdischarging into its associated burner, and a separate manually operablevalve in each branch pipe at each service burner for regulating at willthe quantity of pressure air and vaporized fuel delivered thereto,whereby a substantially sootless blue flame of variable intensity may beproduced at any or all of the service burners.

